By Federico Gastón Addisi
The term "Sovereignty Day" was coined by the eminent professor José María Rosa revisionist and stamped for the first time, making his public appearance on November 20, 1950 during the presidency of General Peron. While the Government was not Peron outspoken in favor of revisionism, it was still permissive to certain manifestations of this sign. So, according to José María Rosa, the government allowed to paste posters in favor of the Restorer of the Laws, which is not possible once was overthrown Peronism.
also the Battle of Bound was first officially commemorated on 20 November 1953, the governor of the province of Buenos Aires, Carlos Aloé who said in his speech: "This is the tribute that pays a General Perón the heroes who died for the defense of national sovereignty. "
In 1954 he created the "Popular Organization for the repatriation of the remains of General Rosas, "chaired by José María Rosa and Ernesto Palacio. Both of outstanding performance in the national Peronist movement. The first, was ambassador to Perón in his third term as President, first in Paraguay and later in Greece. As Ernesto Palacio was a legislator in the period 1946-52.
Upon request and suggestion of the historian José María Rosa and by Law No. 20,770, was established on 20 November as National Sovereignty Day, commemorating the Battle of Vuelta de Obligado.
The first celebration of the "official" Sovereignty Day was held on November 20, 1973, in the Province of Buenos Aires, Peron Bidegain as President and Governor. Until then approached the then Minister of Interior, Benito Llambí, and the mass rally said: "Forced and its message are not past, are also present and immediate future. The historical constants continue to operate in full force. New methods and more sophisticated methods have replaced the old methods of colonization. Balkanization and the purposes of submission, are effective in Latin America. Also have their integration and independence. Forced flags remain our flags. Are the flags that have returned to the government, with Lt. Gen. Juan Peron. He, from his high status driver of the Argentine people and champion of Third World nations, said synthetic objectivity with the task to tackle: the year 2000 will see a united Latin America or subject. This is our task. This is the task of Argentina. And the American work. This is the lifestyle that follows the battle of the Vuelta de Obligado. This is what is imposed by the scale of values, which we recognize as a legacy of a past that we are proud, and are the only ones to make sure the future, which our grandchildren can be proud. " 20769
law on the repatriation of the remains of Brigadier General Don Juan de Rosas had an original plan submitted by Senator Cornejo Linares. This was considered and approved by the Senate at the meeting of November 14, 1973, but has been altered in the House of Representatives, which approved it as amended. Senator Salta based its project saying: "(...) And this year, 1973 can not pass the Congress of the Nation pays homage simple way of remembering wing people who expressed their armed militias in the national army Argentina Confederation, argued, true to his vow of "till death do us part of the struggle, our national sovereignty on November 20, 1845, threatened by the Anglo-French backed by pirates that, like Garibaldi, mercenary base metal, ravaged the coasts of Rio de la Plata in an attempt to overthrow the Brigadier General Don Juan Manuel de Rosas, in charge of external relations of the Confederation and nobleman of the struggle for sovereignty (... ) "
" (...) Forced batteries echoed around the world showing that the Argentines, few or many, excluding items, they would not be overwhelm with impunity.
is not for nothing that the people with his natural intuition patriotic, long ago identified the major destinations of the country with the invocation of our four national leaders: San Martín, Rosas, Yrigoyen and Peron. "
"(...) A State is not satisfied with the declaration of independence and recognition by other States of the earth to be a nationality. What needs to be respected in full use of their rights inside and outside. Ie he needs to assert its sovereignty.
No such claim exists in our country's history that has more force and eloquence that of the heroic battle of the Vuelta de Obligado. Hence, with this bill declaring his birthday a national holiday, seek to extend this assertion of sovereignty over time, for example permanent new Argentine generations. "
Returning to the topic in the Senate, was approved at the meeting of 25-26 September 1974. The difference from the original draft, a revision that was treated, was that the latter is not declared on 20 November as National Sovereignty Day. This led to another bill, introduced by Rep. Gallo, who was treated and approved following the enactment of the Repatriation of Remains of the Restorer. Thus, at the meeting of 25-26 September 1974, legislation was passed:
- 20 769, which provided: Section 1: Dispónese the repatriation of the remains of the former governor of Buenos Aires and head of Foreign Affairs Argentina Confederation, Brigadier General Don Juan Manuel de Rosas. Art 2: hereby established a National Commission to arbitrate all necessary measures for immediate implementation of this law. Will chair this Commission on the Chief Executive, being, is entitled to determine their composition and functioning, and to organize and pay homage and honor for the positions held by Brigadier General Don Juan Manuel de Rosas. The Commission will seek to accomplish its mission on 20 November, the anniversary of the Vuelta de Obligado. 3: The expenses incurred in the enforcement of this Act, shall be charged to General Revenue. Section 4: Communicate, etc.
- 20,770, which provided: Sovereignty Day. Declaration on 20 November each year in commemoration of the Battle of Vuelta de Obligado, delivered on 20 November 1845. (Penalty: September 26, 1974, enacted: October 3, 1974, publication: BO 16/10/1974).
As demonstrated in this article, the desire to insert the "day of sovereignty" in the national calendar as holiday, dating back several years.
In line with this desire, the current government, through Decree No. 1584/2010 established on 20 November as a national holiday commemorating the "Day of Sovereignty." However, this breaks that will not be still, each year honoring Obligado's feat, but will be mobile. And first - bad - on Monday 22 November this year will be "holiday resort" ...
Bibliography:
- Quattocchi - Woisson, Diana, The evils of memory, Emecé, Bs, 1995 , pg. 314.
- Cornejo Linares, Juan Carlos, Roses and others About themes, Congreso de la Nación, Bs, As, 1975, pp. 19, 20, 21.
- Legislation Annals Argentina, T. XXXIV. D, 1974, pg. 3312.
- National Congress Sessions Journal, Senate Chamber, T. III, 1973, pg. 2277.
- Magazine Bases, Buenos Aires, 28/11/1973, p. 55.
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